Clinical Outcomes in Addiction: A Neurofeedback Case Series
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Study at a glance
- Area
- Addiction
- Study type
- Pilot / open study
- Authors
- Gunkelman J, Cripe C
- Journal
- Biofeedback
- Year
- 2008
- Participants
- 30 clients
- Protocol
- phenotype-based (QEEG-guided) neurofeedback plus neurocognitive exercises
Key findings
- 30 polysubstance-using clients completed the multimodal program
- EEG phenotypes identified two drive systems: central nervous system overactivation and obsessive/compulsive drives
- Authors report sobriety and abstinence along with neurocognitive improvements
- Presented as pilot-level, noncontrolled data, not as evidence of superiority
An uncontrolled case series of the first 30 clients to complete a brain recovery program for substance abuse that combined phenotype-based neurofeedback with targeted neurocognitive exercises, nutrition and counseling. Clients had neurocognitive testing and EEG/QEEG before and after treatment. The authors report that EEG phenotypes pointed to two drive systems behind addiction and describe sobriety and neurocognitive gains, while stressing that the design cannot show the approach is better than others.