Research › QEEG, Methods & Mechanisms
What is Neurofeedback: An Update
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Study at a glance
- Area
- QEEG, Methods & Mechanisms
- Study type
- Review & meta-analysis
- Authors
- Hammond DC
- Journal
- Journal of Neurotherapy
- Year
- 2011
- Protocol
- overview of neurofeedback assessment and training
Key findings
- Describes delta, theta, alpha, beta and gamma bands and the mental states usually linked to each
- Argues EEG patterns vary within diagnoses such as ADHD, so assessment should guide an individualized protocol
- States that most research suggests significant improvement in roughly 75 to 80% of cases
- Includes guidance on adverse reactions and selecting a qualified practitioner
An overview of neurofeedback (EEG biofeedback) written for both professionals and the public. The author explains the main brainwave frequency bands, why assessment should come before training, and how real-time feedback lets people gradually retrain their brain activity, which he describes as operant conditioning. The article then surveys the conditions where neurofeedback is used and the research behind it, and covers possible risks and side effects and how to choose a properly qualified practitioner.