The Peniston-Kulkosky Brainwave Neurofeedback Therapeutic Protocol: The Future Psychotherapy for Alcoholism/PTSD/Behavioral Medicine
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Study at a glance
- Area
- Addiction
- Study type
- Controlled study
- Authors
- Peniston EG, Kulkosky PJ
- Journal
- Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research
- Year
- 1989
- Population
- Adults
- Protocol
- Alpha-theta training
- Sessions
- 15 x 30 min
Key findings
- Large reductions in depression scores in the trained group
- Beta-endorphin rose in the standard-treatment group but not the trained group
- 13-month follow-up indicated sustained gains
The original study of the alpha-theta brainwave training protocol for chronic alcoholism. Compared with traditionally treated alcoholics and non-alcoholic controls, the trained group increased alpha and theta activity, showed sharp drops in depression, and did not show the stress-related rise in beta-endorphin; follow-up suggested lasting benefit.